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Wind turbines use an aerodynamic effect to rotate blades and transform kinetic energy into mechanical energy, the mechanical energy then transformed into electric power through a generator or alternator. The modernized wind turbine can achieve power conversion efficiency between 20% - 40% from the wind.
Unlike the large commercial type horizontal wind turbines, small wind turbines have been widely used to provide distributed power for a variety of purposes around the world, such as on or off grid residences, telecommunication systems, street lighting systems, remote monitoring systems, yacht battery charging systems and a variety of other purposes that need energy where there is no electric grid, or where the grid is unstable.
In general there are two different types of wind turbines, vertical axis and horizontal axis turbines, these both utilize different methods of extracting energy, both designs can have significant advantages over one another depending on the correct application.
Type of Rotor | Aerodynamic | Axis | Self Start | CP | Key Negative attributes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Propeller | Lift | Horizontal | Good | High | Noisy, need to be orientated, High gravity |
Darrieus | Lift | Vertical | Poor | High | Poor self start, Centrifugal stresses |
Savonious | Drag | Vertical | Good | Low | Poor efficiency, small swept area |